Frequent cases of ceramic tile injuries in the hot

Frequent cases of high-rise ceramic tiles hurting people, and the promotion of architectural coatings is urgent

frequent cases of high-rise ceramic tiles hurting people, and the promotion of architectural coatings is urgent

May 12, 2017

[China paint information] recently, an article about "the external wall of residential buildings fell off and hit the dead, and 33 households were sentenced to bear the responsibility" attracted the author's attention. The author found that it was not the first time that the external walls of high-rise buildings fell and injured passers-by, or even many times. The falling off of high-rise exterior wall tiles has been frequently seen in the media. Some of them hit people and some hit cars

in 2003, a resident of Yanbian City was sentenced to pay 4655 yuan for the entire building because the tiles on the balcony of the outer wall fell and killed pedestrians

on January 5, 2013, a woman in Qishan County was hit on the head by a falling tile on the 5th floor and died

on June 10, 2015, a 13-year-old boy was killed when the outer wall tiles of an 18 story tall building in Shaanxi fell off

on January 24, 2016, three tiles fell off and smashed the private car in a community in Changsha

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who's wrong with the falling off of the outer wall tiles and smashing them to death? It is the developer, the property, or the owner. In the author's opinion, these three parties have more or less. The developer should be responsible for quality problems, the property has the responsibility of improper management, and the owner has the responsibility of negligence. The dead are gone. In addition to investigating, we should also learn from them to prevent such things from happening again. First of all, the most direct cause of these disasters is the falling off of tiles

when ceramic tiles are used for building exterior walls, it is inevitable that they fall off.

why on earth do ceramic tiles fall off? According to an insider, there are four main reasons for the falling off of wall tiles: first, the separation of tiles from the wall caused by building vibration. The second is that the seal is not tight when sticking the ceramic sheet, which leads to water entering at the joint between the ceramic sheet and the wall, and then falling off. Third, the quality of the cement used does not meet the national standards, resulting in low strength of the bottom ash mortar and poor adhesion. Fourth, the external wall tiles have been exposed to the atmosphere for a long time. After the long-term repeated action of the external natural environment, the bonding layer of the tiles has cracking, hollowing, peeling, wall cracking and other phenomena. It seems that when the tiles fall off has a lot to do with the quality of the tiles themselves, the quality of the glue and the pasting technology. These four pass the test, which may prolong the time for the tiles to fall off

according to Li Hao, deputy dean of the school of architecture of Xi'an University of architecture and technology: "Reinforced concrete, cement used for pasting and porcelain chips pasted on the outer wall of buildings are actually three kinds of materials. The thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of these three different materials are different. Under the influence of high temperature in summer and cold in winter, the three materials will deform to varying degrees. No matter how good the construction technology is, it is impossible to avoid the fact that the final tiles fall off. The size of UTM pasted on the outer wall uses the maximum bearing level of the frame and the measured load/pull Force dynamometers come together to characterize the way decoration falls off is inevitable. "

in view of the risk of falling off of exterior wall tiles, many cities in China have issued relevant laws and regulations to prohibit the pasting of tiles on the exterior walls of high-rise buildings and promote the use of architectural coatings. For example, Shanghai promotes the application of building exterior wall coatings, restricts the design and use of exterior wall tiles, and prohibits the design and use of mosaic and other exterior wall ceramic veneer materials, except for the bottom or podium exterior wall veneer materials. In addition to Shanghai, Xiamen, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Beijing, Dalian, Xi'an, Anhui, Chongqing and other provinces have also introduced relevant regulations to restrict or prohibit the use of exterior wall tiles in high-rise buildings. However, there are still many provinces and cities that have not issued rigid regulations. Therefore, ceramic tiles with beautiful colors, long service life and easy to clean have won the favor of many developers, owners and designers, and the proportion of high wall tiles is very high

which is more worthy of affirmation and promotion

there are many tall buildings in the city. Once the tiles fall off, the consequences are unimaginable. When can we not worry about this "hidden weapon" that hurts people? If the exterior walls of new high-rise buildings use architectural coatings, the risk will be reduced a lot. However, what many owners and developers are worried about is that most of the exterior wall coatings are organic components, which are easy to age and have a short service life. Generally, they need to be renovated in 5-10 years. If the property right is calculated according to 70 years, at least they need to purchase the tensile testing machine 1-to-1, and renovate it for about 7 times

the defects of sticking ceramic tiles on the outer wall of high-rise buildings have exceeded painting. The most important thing is that the outer wall bricks can hardly avoid falling off, only the difference between time is morning and evening. Even if the outer wall paint peels and falls off, there is no danger of hurting people, and it will not pose a threat to the lives and property of the surrounding residents. Therefore, there is no doubt that the safety performance of painting the outer wall of high-rise buildings is higher than that of pasting ceramic tiles

it shows that users will encounter problems that they cannot solve in the process of using and changing the experimental machine. In terms of environmental protection, coatings are relatively environmentally friendly than ceramic tiles. Because the production process of ceramic tiles and mosaics mainly consists of three processes: preparation, molding and firing of raw materials (Adobe), a large amount of clay is used in the production process, and the waste water, waste gas and heat produced by firing have a great impact on the environment. The waste ceramic tiles are more polluted. Once the tiles become "useless", they are not easy to decompose into grains and become soil for hundreds of years, which is a lasting damage to the environment, especially the soil. The pollution of the coating industry to the atmosphere mainly comes from the volatilization of organic solvents in solvent based coatings. Now the high-performance and environment-friendly coatings produced by some coating enterprises in the market can greatly reduce the pollution to the environment when applied to the external walls, and also have excellent weather resistance, stain resistance, self-cleaning and other characteristics

in addition, there is another important point, that is, the subsequent maintenance of ceramic tiles is difficult. If the ceramic tiles have water seepage problems, it is not conducive to maintenance, which will affect the whole body. Once they fall off and become loose, almost all of them will have problems. The paint is painted in a large piece in the wall, which is short in construction period and convenient for subsequent maintenance. If the owner has the strength of follow-up maintenance, he can often change the color of the outer wall according to his mood

it is reported that in Europe and the United States, building exterior walls rarely use ceramic tiles or mosaics, and are basically painted with low pollution and environmental friendly architectural coatings. Foreign owners will also change another color according to seasonal changes or their own mood and preferences, giving people a new feeling

summary: To sum up, it is worth affirming and promoting that the external walls of houses are reduced or not used with tiles. The government has also provided an opportunity for the development of architectural coatings by banning the pasting of ceramic tiles on the outer walls of high-rise buildings through administrative means. Not only that, the state should also revise the building standards and issue relevant standards to prohibit the use of ceramic tile decoration on the external walls of high-rise buildings. For old buildings that have been pasted with external wall tiles, the proposal of relevant experts in Shanghai can be used for reference, and the relevant departments can make a cornice about half a meter wide on the first floor of the building. Because the falling off of face bricks usually falls in a straight line, as long as there is a cornice about half a meter wide, the falling off of face bricks will hit the platform, even if it falls to the ground after ejection, it will not endanger human life. Moreover, the management department of the building should arrange personnel to observe the external wall in a timely manner and remove it in time if it is found to be loose